Recent advances in nanoscale metal-organic frameworks biosensors for detection of biomarkers

Early and precise diagnosis are propitious to timely treatment and simultaneously increase the chance of successful treatments. It is of critical importance to develop rapid, sensitive, and reliable sensing techniques of physiological biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Due to the advantages of structural designability and property tunability, nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (nMOFs) have been widely applied in the field of biomedicine in recent years. Particularly, enhanced stability, more modification sites and improved distribution make nMOFs more suitable as biosensors for detection of biomarkers. This review article will summarize the recent advancements of nMOFs-based biosensors for detection of biomarkers, classified into four sections via different sensing modes: fluorescent sensing, colorimetric sensing, electrochemical sensing and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing within the latest years. Except introducing and comparing the role of nMOFs in different sensing modes, designing strategies of nMOFs-based biosensors are involved as well. At last, a brief conclusion and outlook for further applications are provided, which is helpful for exploring multi-functional biologic nano-platforms with nMOFs. We expect that this review can inspire the interest on this promising research area of nMOFs-based biosensors for detection of biomarker and early diagnosis.