光电轴角编码器的编码方式及其发展趋势

光电轴角编码器是以码盘或计量圆光栅为核心元件的测角传感器。近年来，为满足光电轴角编码器小型化、智能化、集成化,特别是小型化的要求，各国在缩小光电轴角编码器的尺寸方面做了大量的研究工作，尤其是对编码方式的研究。本文主要介绍了目前光电轴角编码器的编码方式及编码原理，在对现有编码方式详细解读的基础上对制约光电轴角编码器快速小型化的因素进行了分析，认为影响编码方式成功实施的主要因素是发光和接收元件的尺寸。文中展望了光电轴角编码器编码方式的发展趋势，提出编码方式多样化和码道数量少量化有助于缩小光电编码器尺寸，加速其小型化的发展。 

Coding modes of photoelectric shaft encoders and their developing trend

The photoelectric shaft encoder is a sensor to measure angles based on a code disc or a metrological grating disc. Recently, to meet the requirements of miniaturization, intelligence, integration of the photoelectric shaft encoders,a lot of research work are developed to reduce the sizes of photoelectricshaft encoders in many countries, especially in research on the coding modes. In this paper, the coding modes and coding theory are introduced. Then, based on explaining the coding modes in detail, the restricted factors of miniaturizing photoelectric shaft encoders are analyzed. The resultsindicate that effect factors on coding modes are the sizes of luminescent and receive elements. Finally, it discusses the developing trend of the codingmodes of photoelectric shaft encoders and suggests that the variety of coding modes and miniaturization of code lines will be conductive to minimizethe sizes of encoders and speed up the development of photoelectric shaft encoders. 