TOPOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATIONS OF THE EXTENDING PROPERTY OF RINGS

A commutative ring R is called extending if every ideal is essential in a direct summand of R_R. The following results are proved: (1) C(X) is an extending ring if and only if X is extremely disconnected; (2) Spec(R) is extremely disconnected and R is semiprime if and only if R is a nonsingular extending ring; (3) Spec(R) is extremely disconnected if and only if R/N(R) is an extending ring, where N(R) consists of all nilpotent elements of R. As an application, it is also shown that any Gelfand nonsingular extending ring is clean.