面源电子枪灯丝的热均匀性分析和设计

测试像增强器荧光屏的亮度均匀性，需要能够发射均匀电子的面源电子枪，设计面源电子枪要对灯丝各点发射的电子数量、电场分布、电子轨迹,以及均匀电子垂直轰击荧光屏几个方面进行理论分析和计算。指出在真空系统中面源电子枪灯丝的热均匀性是使灯丝各点发射的电子数量相等的先决条件，也是灯丝造型设计首先要解决的问题。在真空系统中，热辐射是影响面源电子枪灯丝各点温度的主要因素。参考相关资料，对热辐射均匀性进行了理论分析，推导出3种几何形状的热辐射公式；通过计算和比较，得出了锥状螺旋灯丝的热平衡较好的结论，为下一步电场分析和电子轨迹分析做好了准备。

Heat uniformity analysis and design of filament of area source electron gun

To measure the brightness uniformity of an image intensifier, an area source electron gun is needed to emit uniform electrons. In order to design an electron gun, the electron quantity emitted by each point of filament, the electric filed distribution, the electron trail and the uniform electrons vertically striking the fluorescence screen were investigated theoretically and calculated. It is pointed out that the heat uniformity of the area source electron gun in a vacuum system is a prerequisite for equal electron quantity emitted from each point of the filament, and is also the first problem to be solved before designing the shape of the filament. In the vacuum system, the heat radiation is the main factor to affect the temperature of each point of the filament in area source electron gun. A theoretical analysis of the heat radiation uniformity from the filament of an electron gun in vacuum environment is made with reference to some relevant papers. Three filament structures are designed and their heat balances are calculated. In comparison with each other, the spiral filament is the best. This work sets the foundation for the next step of field analysis and electron trail analysis.