Synthesis of 1-azapyrene

The environmental contaminants 1-azapyrene 15 , 2-azapyrene 13 and several other azapyrene derivatives were synthesized from a common intermediate, 2,2a,3,4-tetrahydrocyclopentacd]phenalen-1-one oxime 6 . The synthesis of 1-azapyrene 15 completes the series of azapyrenes.