基于频谱主成分分析的音素摩擦性音质研究

摩擦性音质的量化研究是音素量化研究的重要部分,其关键环节是提取有价值的声学参数。本文利用统计学的主成分分析的方法研究了汉语普通话的六个擦音。研究过程是在频谱的2000Hz至16000Hz的频率范围内,等间隔地选取162个频率点,以每个频率点信号的强度作为变量,分析它们的主成分,经过计算之后的结果是只需要三组主成分就可以表征摩擦性音质的94.786%的信息,而三组主成分对应的因子的得分可作为摩擦性音质的量化分析的依据,能够有效地呈现六个擦音的语音系统模式。计算结果证明高频主成分跟擦音发音部位的前后有一定的相关性,在普通话的六个擦音中,擦音[s]的摩擦性音质最为显著。

A study of the fricative quality based on spectral principal components

Quantitative analysis of fricative quality is an important branch of the study of phonemes.The main issue is to search valuable acoustic parameters.This paper conducts the research on the six fricatives of Putonghua with the analysis of spectral principal components.The method is applied to compute the principal components among 162 variables which are the intensity of sound at different frequency between 2,000 Hz and 16,000 Hz.The result demonstrates that three principal components are sufficient for presenting fricative quality.And the effect is 94.786%.It is found that the factor scores based on the principal components can be used to describe the fricative system of Putonghua in a three dimension reference frame.And it is also found that the high frequency principal component is related to the articulating place.And the phoneme[s]is the most typical one among the six fricatives of Putonghua.