学龄期儿童近视进展的纵向性研究

目的 2年随访期调查学龄期近视儿童屈光变化，获得近视进展状态和规律，探讨与近视进展相关的因素。方法 120 例8~13 岁的近视儿童自愿入选本项研究，以睫状肌麻痹后自动电脑验光获得的屈光度数以及眼轴长度作为主要研究 参数，跟踪随访测量，每6 个月1 次，至24 个月，分析其近视进展的状况及年龄、初始度数、散光等因素在近视进展中所起的作用。结果（1）共92 例完成随访，其中男54 例，女38 例，年龄（10.18±1.03）岁。初始度数：-（2.46±1.03）D，年平均进展度数-（0.69±0.29）D。眼轴的年平均变化值为（0.33±0.11）mm；（2）各个年龄组间的近视进展量有差异统计学意义（F=2.724，P=0.049）。年龄越小，近视进展得越快；（3）初始度数＞-2.00D 的受试者近视进展量大于初始度数＜-2.00D 的受试者（F=8.168，P=0.006）；（4）初始有散光的受试者近视进展量比初始无散光的稍大（F=4.107，P=0.046）。结论学龄期近视儿童年近视进展量明显，近视度数年进展量0.50~1.00D,年龄小、初始度数高、存在散光是近视进展的相关因素。

Myopia progression among school children: a longitudinal study

Objective To investigate the progression of myopia among school children and its related factors. Methods One hundred and twenty children aged 8~13 years were recruited into this study. Cycloplegic objective refraction was measured over a 24-month period with 6-month intervals. The correlation of myopia progression with age, initial refractive error and astigmatismwas analyzed. Results The study was completed in 92 child subjects, including 54 boys and 38 girls. The average myopic increasing rate was -0.69±0.29D per year. The average increase of axial length was 0.33mm. The myopic progression was related to the ages of subjects: the younger children the more myopia progression (F=2.724, P=0.049). The subjects with initial myopia higher than -2.00D had more progression than those under -2.00D (F=8.168, P=0.006). Children with astigmatism at baseline had more myopic progression (F=4.107, P=0.046). Conclusion Myopia progresses fast in school children; age, initial myopia status and baseline astigmatismare responsible for this progression.