Use of acousto-optic grating as a sensor for determining the adulteration in liquids being used in daily life

An optical sensor has been developed for finding the proportional composition of two liquids in a mixture. The variation of the refractive index of a liquid produces light diffraction phenomenon. A liquid mixture is filled in a rectangular glass cell, which is placed orthogonically to the incident collimated beams of light. This cell consists of a piezoelectric crystal vibrator for generating ultrasonic waves. The collimated light while passing through this cell gets diffracted. The diffracted dots are collected by a converging lens and displayed in the back focal plane of the lens. The location of the diffracted dots decide the composition of mixture constituents namely fuel oils, edible oils, wine, water, etc. Thus, the adulteration of various liquids can be determined by having the knowledge of the position of diffraction dots.