土壤铜污染的微生物及酶学指标研究

通过室内培养试验，研究了土壤铜污染对土壤微生物基础呼吸及土壤脲酶、脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酶的影响。结果表明，土壤微生物基础呼吸在低水平铜（≤100mg／kg）添加下呈现出先上升后下降的趋势，而随着土壤铜添加水平的进一步提高（〉100mg／kg），微生物基础呼吸作用迅速增强；土壤脲酶则随着铜含量的增加呈现出不断下降趋势，土壤磷酸酶活性则在低水平下上升而随着添加水平的进一步提高迅速降低。可见，这两种酶对土壤铜毒害反应灵敏，可作为土壤铜污染评价的指标；而土壤脱氢酶则对铜含量的变化没有表现出明显的统计规律性，不适宜作为土壤铜污染评价的酶学指标。

Study on Copper Pollution Index of Soil Microbe and Enzymes

The soil incubation experiment was carried out to study the effect on soil microbe and enzymes under copper pollution. The results showed that there are discrepancial effects of heavy metals on soil enzymes. The soil basal respiration increased to begin then declined with increasing copper leading （ 〈 100 mg/kg）, and the basal respiration fortified rapidly by further adding copper concentration. The activity of urease markedly declined with increasing copper loading. The soil phosphatase activity slightly increased at low level of copper and decreased at higher level, which indicated that the two kinds of soil enzymes activity is feasibility to act as index of copper pollution. However, the are not statistical regularity between the soil dehydrogenase activity and copper addition, which shows that soil dehydrogenase is not available to act as an index to evaluate copper pollution.