The role of instantons in quantum chromodynamics: (III). Quark-gluon plasma

With the increase in density and/or temperature of matter in the quark-gluon plasma phase, suppression of instanton-induced effects takes place. At some critical parameters chiral symmetry is restored. In this first-order transition the massive quasiparticles-valons-are substituted by nearly massless quarks and gluons, while the “instanton liquid” dissociates into “instanton molecules” with zero topological charge.