Thermal conductivity measurements on samples with low cross-sections |
| |
Authors: | J A Cusidó A Isalgué X Lumbiarres |
| |
Institution: | (1) Department de Fisica, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Apartat de Correus 508, Terrassa, Barcelona;(2) Department D'electricitat 1 Electronica Facultat de Fisica, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Barcelona, Spain |
| |
Abstract: | A simple, low-cost apparatus has been designed and constructed for measurement of the thermal conductivities of samples with low cross-sections ( 10–7 m2). This apparatus has been used to determine variations in the thermal conductivity of the metallic glass Fe80B20 (Metglas 2605) in the crystallization process induced by thermal treatment.In spite of the simplicity, the deviations from the real values of thermal conductivities measured have been lower than 8%, which has proved to be satisfactory for establishing the glass formation, temperature, T8, from changes in thermal conductivity.
Zusammenfassung Eine einfache, billige Apparatur zur Messung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Proben mit kleinen Querschnitten ( 10–7 m2) wurde entworfen und gebaut. Die Apparatur wurde zur Bestimmung von Veränderungen der Wärmeleitfähigkeit des metallischen Glases Fe80B20 (Mctglass 2605) während des durch thermische Behandlung ausgelösten Kristallisationsprozesses benutzt. Trotz der Einfachkeit betrug die Abweichung von den gemessenen tatsächlichen Wärmeleitfähigkeitswerten weniger als 8%, was sich als ausreichend für die Ermittlung der Glasbildungstemperatur 79 aus Veränderungen der Wärmeleitfähigkeit erwiesen hat.
![Rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1056.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![zcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1079.gif) ![yucy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1102.gif) ![mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1084.gif) ![Pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1055.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![shcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1096.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ycy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1099.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![bcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1079.gif) ![mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ucy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1091.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1079.gif) ![tscy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1094.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1084.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ycy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1099.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![chcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1095.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1099.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![chcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ( 10–7 4). ![Acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1040.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ucy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1091.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![bcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ycy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1099.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1100.gif) ![zcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1079.gif) ![mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ucy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1091.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1075.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) Fe80B20 ![Mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1052.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![gcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1075.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) 2605) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tscy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1094.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![gcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1075.gif) ![kcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1082.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1079.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tscy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1094.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) , ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ycy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1099.gif) ![zcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ycy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1099.gif) ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1084.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1084.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![bcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) . ![Ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1053.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![bcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) , ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1079.gif) ![mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1099.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![chcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![jcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1081.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1099.gif) ![zcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ucy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1091.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![yacy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1103.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) 8%, ![chcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1095.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ycy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1099.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ucy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1091.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1099.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1084.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ucy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1091.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![kcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1082.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![acy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) g ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1079.gif) ![mcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ucy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1091.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1077.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![pcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1074.gif) ![dcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w81424rk942k540u/xxlarge1090.gif) .
|
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|