废动植物油脂制备烷醇酰胺的研究

以废动植物油脂为原料,在自制DYD催化剂作用下制得脂肪酸甲酯,再以氢氧化钾为催化剂,与二乙醇胺合成烷醇酰胺。考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量、真空度等因素对反应的影响,通过单因素实验和析因实验确定最佳工艺条件为:甲酯/二乙醇胺物质的量比1∶1.55,反应温度110℃,反应时间2.5 h,真空度0.08 MPa,催化剂用量0.65%(相对于脂肪酸甲酯的质量),烷醇酰胺的收率达96.3%。通过红外光谱对产物结构进行了表征,并对界面张力进行了测定。结果表明,产物具有较好的界面活性。

Production of Alkanolamide from Waste Animal and Vegetable Oil

Waste animal and vegetable oil were used as the raw material to synthesize fatty acid methyl ester with the catalyst of self-prepared DYD.Alkanolamide was obtained by using diethanolamine with the catalyst of potassium hydroxide.The influence of reaction temperature,reaction time,dosage of catalyst,degree of vacuum and other factors on the reaction conditions was studied.The optimum technological process was optimized by single-factor experiment and analytical factor experiment,n（fatty acid methyl ester）∶n（diethanolamine）=1∶1.55,reaction temperature was 110℃,reaction time was 2.5 h,degree of vacuum was 0.08 MPa,dosage of catalyst was 0.65%（based on the weight of fatty acid methyl ester）,the alkanolamide yield was 96.3%.The substance of synthesis was characterized through infrared spectrogram and interface tension was approved.The results of performance test showed that the products were of excellent physical performance and interface activity.