散热片对变压器声辐射的影响及优化分析*

油浸式配电变压器表面布有大量散热片结构,使得油箱振动声辐射变得复杂。该文研究了散热片结构对油浸式变压器辐射声场的影响,在此基础上提出了散热片结构尺寸的优化措施。建立了考虑流固耦合的变压器振动和声学分析模型,提出了散热片声场效应评判准则,基于模态分析和频响分析探讨了散热片对变压器振动声辐射影响的振动效应、声源效应和声障效应。实验数据和仿真分析结果表明,变压器散热片对变压器振动声辐射的影响不可忽视,尤其是声源效应。采用遗传算法对散热片分布和尺寸参数进行优化分析,计算结果表明,通过优化散热片可以有效降低变压器表面均方振速和辐射声功率,可为变压器噪声控制和优化提供依据。

Acoustic Effects and optimization of the Transformer Fins

The surface of the oil-immersed distribution transformer is covered with a large number of fins, which makes the vibration and sound radiation of the oil tank complicated. In this paper, the influence of heat sink structure on the radiated sound field of oil-immersed transformer is studied. On this basis, the optimization measures of heat sink structure size are proposed. The vibration and acoustic analysis model of the transformer considering fluid-structure coupling is established, and the criterion of sound field effect of the heat sink is proposed. Based on the modal analysis and frequency response analysis, the vibration effect, sound source effect and barrier effect of the heat sink on the transformer are analyzed. Experimental data and simulation analysis results show that the influence of transformer heat sink on transformer vibration sound radiation cannot be ignored, especially the effect of sound source. The genetic algorithm is used to optimize and analyze the heat sink distribution and size parameters. The calculation results show that the optimization of the heat sink can effectively reduce the mean square vibration speed and radiated sound power of the transformer surface, which can provide a basis for transformer noise control and optimization.