Blue Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence from Water‐Soluble Iridium Complexes Containing Sulfonated Phenylpyridine or Tetraethylene Glycol Derivatized Triazolylpyridine Ligands |
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Authors: | Emily Kerr Dr Egan H Doeven Dr Gregory J Barbante Dr Timothy U Connell Dr Paul S Donnelly Dr David J D Wilson Dr Trent D Ashton Dr Frederick M Pfeffer Dr Paul S Francis |
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Institution: | 1. Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220 (Australia);2. Current address: University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001 (Australia);3. School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010 (Australia);4. Department of Chemistry and La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086 (Australia) |
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Abstract: | Incorporating phenylpyridine‐ and triazolylpyridine‐based ligands decorated with methylsulfonate or tetraethylene glycol (TEG) groups, a series of iridium(III) complexes has been created for green and blue electrogenerated chemiluminescence under analytically useful aqueous conditions, with tri‐n‐propylamine as a coreactant. The relative electrochemiluminescence (ECL) intensities of the complexes were dependent on the sensitivity of the photodetector over the wavelength range and the pulse time of the applied electrochemical potential. In terms of the integrated area of corrected ECL spectra, with a pulse time of 0.5 s, the intensities of the IrIII complexes were between 18 and 102 % that of Ru(bpy)3]2+ (bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine). However, when the intensities were measured with a typical bialkali photomultiplier tube, the signal of the most effective blue emitter, Ir(df‐ppy)2(pt‐TEG)]+ (df‐ppy=2‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl)pyridine anion, pt‐TEG=1‐(2‐(2‐(2‐(2‐hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)‐4‐(2‐pyridyl)‐1,2,3‐triazole), was over 1200 % that of the orange–red emitter Ru(bpy)3]2+. A combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the electrochemical and spectroscopic properties of the IrIII complexes indicated that the greater intensity from Ir(df‐ppy)2(pt‐TEG)]+ relative to those of the other IrIII complexes resulted from a combination of many factors, rather than being significantly favored in one area. |
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Keywords: | electrochemiluminescence electrochemistry iridium ligand effects luminescence |
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