高功率微波大气击穿区域分布

大气击穿是高功率微波(HPM)大气传输研究最主要的内容。一方面高功率微波辐射天线近场以振荡场形式存在，在某些局部点形成场强的峰值分布，导致天线近场击穿、天线口径面介质击穿等一系列复杂的问题；另一方面，随着单台微波源功率的大幅提高和功率合成技术的发展，天线远场区的大气击穿问题越来越突出。如何判别是否存在大气击穿，如何确定判断的依据，都是需要解决的问题。论文提出依据击穿阈值和天线辐射场与高度关系曲线的变化规律进行判断。当HPM初始辐射场小于该区域大气击穿阈值，且上述两条曲线之间存在交点，即说明存在HPM辐射天线未击穿而传输路径近场区或远场区可能满足大气击穿条件的情况，这一现象也在相关实验中得到了证实。

Area distribution of HPM air-breakdown

Air-breakdown is a key problem for high power microwave(HPM) propagating. On one hand, field distribution of HPM antenna at near-field region exists in oscillating wave style, and some peak points will occur at local area, thus a series of problems occur, such as air-breakdown at near-field region, dielectric surface breakdown, etc. On the other hand, air-breakdown at far-field region must be considered for the improvement of single HPM sources and the development of power combining technology. The method and criterion to judge the air-breakdown should be studied. This paper presents the way based on the curves regular of air-breakdown threshold and antenna field distribution with the altitude. When initial field value is less than the air-breakdown threshold in the corresponding, and two curves exist at the intersection point, then air-breakdown may be in the propagating route while it will not occur in the near field region of antenna. The result is proved in related experiments.