探索上帝粒子与质量起源

欧洲大型强子对撞机(LHC) 上发现的125 GeV新希格斯粒子可能成为标准模型预期的“上帝粒子”。这一革命性发现开启了探索宇宙中一切基本粒子质量起源的新时代，成为21世纪粒子物理学的转折点。文章着重介绍：(1) 探寻上帝粒子的重大科学意义；(2) 探索质量起源的历史，以及为什么牛顿力学和爱因斯坦相对论均未解决质量起源问题；(3) 神秘的真空与希格斯机制；(4) 上帝粒子是如何提出的和怎样在LHC上发现的；(5) 展望21世纪质量起源的探索与新物理定律的革命。

God particle and origin of mass

The new Higgs boson discovered at the CERN LHC could be the God particle expected from the standard model. This revolutionary discovery opens up a new era of exploring the origin of masses for all elementary particles in the universe. It becomes a turning point of the particle physics in 21th century. This article presents the following: (1) Scientific importance of searching and testing the God particle(s); (2) The history of studying the origin of mass, and why Newton mechanics and Einstein relativity could not resolve the origin of mass; (3) The mysterious vacuum and the mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking; (4) How the God particle was invented and how the LHC might have discovered it; (5) The perspective of seeking the origin of mass and new physics laws.