羧甲基纤维素系列高分子表面活性剂形成微乳液的研究

采用紫外光谱、相图、动态激光光散射、同位素示踪、光学显微镜、电导率等研究了羧甲基纤维素系列高分子表面活性剂与甲苯-水-异丙醇体系微乳液的形成过程,发现微乳液粒子大小均一,形态一致,其尺寸比低分子表面活性剂所形成的微乳液粒子大得多.醇分子插入到油水界面,改变了两相界面结构,促使微乳液的生成.电导率测定表明所形成的微乳液区均为水包油结构,即使在富含甲苯区域,亦不会有油包水的反相胶束形成.

Studies on Microemulsion formed by Polymer Surfactants Based on Carboxy Methyl Cellulose

Polymeric surfactants were prepared by ultrasonic copolymerization of carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) and alkyl poly(etheroxy) acrylate. The polymeric microemulsion was prepared by mixing polymeric surfactants aqueous solution, toluene and alcohol at given ratios. The results of dynamic laser scattering indicated that the microemulsion droplets have almost same size and conformation, and the size of polymeric microemulsion particles, which is much bigger than that of low molecular weight surfactants, is beyond the limit of microemulsion definition. But the systems are still thermodynamically stable. The results of isotope tracer analysis indicated that more and more alcohol molecules insert to the interface of oil and water, changes the interfacial structure of phases and finally help microemulsion formed. The whole structure of microemulsion is oil core surrounded by water. The formation of reverse micelles is shown to be unlikely even in toluene-rich region.