Kaolinite–urea complexes obtained by mechanochemical and aqueous suspension techniques—A comparative study |
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| Authors: | va Mak Jnos Kristf Erzsbet Horvth Veronika Vgvlgyi |
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| Institution: | aInstitute for Materials Engineering, University of Pannonia, H-8201 Veszprém, P.O. Box 158, Hungary;bInstitute for Analytical Chemistry, Environmental Science and Limnology, University of Pannonia, H-8201 Veszprém, P.O. Box 158, Hungary;cInstitute for Environmental Engineering, University of Pannonia, H-8201 Veszprém, P.O. Box 158, Hungary |
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| Abstract: | Intercalation compounds of low- and high-defect kaolinites have been prepared by direct reaction with urea aqueous solution as well as by co-grinding with urea in the absence of water (mechanochemical intercalation). The complexes formed were studied by X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, DRIFT spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. In aqueous solution the degree of intercalation for the low- and high-defect kaolinites was found to be 77 and 65%, respectively. With mechanochemical intercalation, both kaolinites were almost fully expanded after 1 h of grinding. Based on the results of DRIFT spectroscopy, a structural model for the bonding of urea to the siloxane surface is proposed. The kaolinite–urea intercalation compounds produced by mechanochemical intercalation have crystallite sizes lower than those obtained by the aqueous solution method. |
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| Keywords: | Kaolinite Intercalation Urea Mechanochemical treatment |
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