光束通过三棱镜的偏折情况再探讨

针对本科教学中学生关于三棱镜对光束偏折情况提出的疑惑,对光束通过三棱镜的多种偏折情况进行了详细分析,讨论了入射角、折射率、棱镜顶角对出射光线偏折方向的影响,给出了三棱镜的顶角和折射率的取值范围以及入射角的取值范围对光线是否能从出射边界射出,以及出射光线的偏折方向的影响,进一步讨论了光束的偏向角与三棱镜各参数之间的关系,给出了确定最小偏向角的简单方法.

Further Discussion on the Deflection Situation of Beam Passing Through Triple Prism

In view of the doubts raised by undergraduate students about the deflection of a beam by a prism in undergraduate teaching,the deflection of a beam through a prism is analyzed in detail.The influence of incident angle,refractive index and the apex angle of a prism on the deflection direction of an outgoing ray is discussed.The range of the apex angle and refractive index of a prism and the range of the incidence angle on whether the rays can be outgoing or not are given.The relationship between the deflection angle of the beam and the parameters of the prism is further discussed,and a simple method to determine the minimum deflection angle is given.