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Every monotone graph property has a sharp threshold
Authors:Ehud Friedgut   Gil Kalai
Affiliation:Institute of Mathematics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel ; Institute of Mathematics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel and Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey 0854
Abstract:In their seminal work which initiated random graph theory Erdös and Rényi discovered that many graph properties have sharp thresholds as the number of vertices tends to infinity. We prove a conjecture of Linial that every monotone graph property has a sharp threshold. This follows from the following theorem. Let $V_n(p)= {0,1}^n$ denote the Hamming space endowed with the probability measure $mu _p$ defined by $mu _p (epsilon _1, epsilon _2, dots , epsilon _n)= p^k cdot (1-p)^{n-k}$, where $k=epsilon _1 +epsilon _2 +cdots +epsilon _n$. Let $A$ be a monotone subset of $V_n$. We say that $A$ is symmetric if there is a transitive permutation group $Gamma $ on ${1,2,dots , n}$ such that $A$ is invariant under $Gamma $. Theorem. For every symmetric monotone $A$, if $mu _p(A)>epsilon $ then $mu _q(A)>1-epsilon $ for $q=p+ c_1 log (1/2epsilon )/log n$. ($c_1$ is an absolute constant.)

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