Determination of endosulfan and some pyrethroids in waters by micro liquid-liquid extraction and GC-MS |
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Authors: | A. Fernández-Gutiérrez J. L. Martínez-Vidal F. J. Arrebola-Liébanas A. Gonzalez-Casado J. L. Vílchez |
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Affiliation: | Department of Hydrogeology and Analytical Chemistry, University of Almería, E-04120 Almería, Spain, ES Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain, ES
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Abstract: | A simple, rapid and reproducible method for the determination of some pesticide residues in water was developed using micro liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring (GC/MS-SIM). The chlorinated insecticides α- and β-endosulfan and endosulfan-sulfate as well as the synthetic pyrethroids bifenthrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate and deltamethrin can be separated from a 500 mL sample water extracted with 0.5 mL of n-hexane containing anthracene-d10 as internal standard without clean-up in only 13 min. The recovery efficiencies of the tested compounds yielded more than 93.0% at a fortification level of 5 ng mL–1 and their relative standard deviations were between 1.9 and 11.7%. Detection limit of each compound ranged between 3 and 35 pg mL–1. The method was applied to ground, sea and tap waters from Almería (Spain). The solubilities in water at 20°?C were determined. |
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