Analytical applications of calixarenes from 2005 up-to-date

Calixarenes, as nano-baskets, are considered an important group of macrocycles as the third famous host molecules after cyclodextrins and crown ethers have been subject to extensive researches in construction of many extractants, transporters, stationary phases, electrode ionophores and optical and electrochemical sensors over the past four decades. Because of the recent rapid growth in the publications of calixarene applications, this review paper has focused on different analytical applications of calixarenes in the main fields of separation, electroanalysis, spectroscopy and chemometrics. The objectives and the results of about 300 references mainly were published in recent 6 years with emphasis on the analytical applications were reviewed.