Aufklärung thermodynamischer Beziehungen zwischen fünf polymorphen Modifikationen von Sulfapyridin mittels DSC |
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Authors: | A Burger K Schulte R Ramberger |
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Institution: | (1) Institut für Pharmakognosie der Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Österreich |
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Abstract: | Zusammenfassung DSC- und Stabilitäts-Untersuchungen von 5 polymorphen Sulfapyridin-Modifikationen bestätigen die Umwandlungswärmeregel , daß endotherme Umwandlungen enantiotrop sind, während monotrope Formen ein exothermes Umwandlungsverhalten zeigen. Dementsprechend besitzt das einzige enantiotrope Paar von Modifikationen (V/IV, Up. 152°) eine Umwandlungsenthalpie H
VI V von etwa + 3 kJ/Mol (auf Grund von Differenzbildung). Die gemessenen Umwandlungswärmen sind (in kJ/Mol): H
f,I=36.5; H
III I= –2.3; H
IV I= –6.5; H
V I= – 3.2. Die Stabilität der festen Phasen als Funktion der Temperatur wird in Form eines Energie/ Temperatur-Diagrammes dargestellt. Bei Raumtemperatur nimmt die Stabilität in folgender Reihenfolge ab: I (Schmp. 192°) — III (179°) — V (174°) — IV (176°) — VI (167°). DSC liefert somit eine ausgezeichnete Methode zur Bestimmung der Stabilitätsverhältnisse in einem polymorphen System.
DSC and stability investigations of 5 polymorphs of sulfapyridine confirm the heat-of-transition rule , that endothermic transitions are enantiotropic, while monotropic forms show exothermic transitions. Consequently, the only enantiotropic pair of modifications, V/IV (t.p. 152°), has an enthalpy of transition, H
V IV, of about 3 kJ/mole (by difference). The measured heat effects are (in kJ/mole): H
f,I = =36.5; H
III I= –2.3; H
IV I=– 6.5; H
V I=– 3.2. The stability of the various solid phases as a function of temperature is represented in an energy/temperature diagram. At ambient temperature, the stability decreases in the order I (m.p. 192°) — III (179°) — V (174°) — IV (176°) — VI (167°).Thus, it is demonstrated that DSC provides an excellent means for determining the qualitative stability behaviour of polymorphs in the whole range of temperatures.
Résumé L'étude par DSC de la stabilité de 5 formes polymorphes de sulfapyridine confirme la règle de la chaleur de transition , c'est-à-dire que les transitions endothermiques correspondent à l'énantiotropie, tandis que les formes monotropiques ont des transitions exothermiques. En conséquence, seule la combinaison énantiotropique des modifications V/IV (p.t. 152°) possède une enthalpie de transformation, H
V IV d'à peu près +3 kJ/mole (par différence). Les effets thermiques mesurés sont (en kJ/mole): H
f,I=36.5; H
III I
= –2.3; H
IV I=–6.5; H
V I
= –3.2. La stabilité des diverses phases solides en fonction de la température est présentée dans un diagramme énergie/température. A température ambiante la stabilité diminue dans l'ordre suivant: I (t.f. 192°) — III (179°) — V (174°) — IV (176°) — VI (167°). Ainsi la DSC constitue une excellente méthode pour déterminer qualitativement la stabilité d'un système polymorphe dans tout l'intervalle de températures.
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V IV ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ucy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1091.gif) 3 ![kcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1082.gif) ![dcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1076.gif) /![mcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) (![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1079.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1095.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ). ![Icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1048.gif) ![zcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1079.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1099.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![pcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ycy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1099.gif) ![ecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1101.gif) ![fcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1092.gif) ![fcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1092.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![kcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1082.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ( ![kcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1082.gif) /![mcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ) ![bcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ycy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1099.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) : H
f,I= 36.5;![Delta](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge916.gif)
III I= –2.3: H
IV I= –6.5: H
V I= –3.2. ![Scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1057.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![bcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1073.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1079.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1095.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1099.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![vcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![dcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ycy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1099.gif) ![fcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1092.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1079.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![vcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![mcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1084.gif) ![pcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ucy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1091.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![pcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1076.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![vcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1074.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![gcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1075.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![kcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1082.gif) ![kcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![dcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1101.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![gcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1075.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) — ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![mcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1084.gif) ![pcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1087.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ucy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1091.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) . ![Pcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1055.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ycy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1099.gif) ![chcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1095.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![mcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1084.gif) ![pcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1087.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ucy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1091.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![bcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1073.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ucy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1091.gif) ![mcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![softcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1100.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![yacy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1103.gif) ![dcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1076.gif) I ( . ![pcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1087.gif) . 192°) — III (179°) — V (174°) — IV (176°) VI (167°). ![Tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1058.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![kcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) , ![pcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1082.gif) ![zcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1079.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) , ![chcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1095.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![pcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![Scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1057.gif) ![yacy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1103.gif) ![vcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1074.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![yacy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1103.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1082.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![yucy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1102.gif) ![chcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1095.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![softcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1099.gif) ![mcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1076.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ucy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1091.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1074.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![kcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1082.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![vcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1075.gif) ![pcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![bcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1073.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![pcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1084.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![fcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1092.gif) ![ncy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1099.gif) ![fcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1092.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![vcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1074.gif) ![vcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1074.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ocy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1073.gif) ![lcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1083.gif) ![acy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1072.gif) ![scy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![mcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1084.gif) ![pcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1087.gif) ![iecy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1088.gif) ![tcy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ucy](/content/w683j27719508632/xxlarge1091.gif) .
Diese Arbeit wurde vom österreichischen Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung unterstützt. |
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