非离子型活性乳化剂及其水性环氧树脂的制备和性能

以α-甲氧基-ω-N-异丙醇基-对苯甲胺基聚乙二醇和酚醛环氧树脂F51为原料合成了非离子型活性乳化剂(PEGF51),并与F51混合,通过相反转法制备了分散相粒径为纳米级的PEGF51/F51水乳液.通过红外光谱和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)分析了PEGF51的结构,研究了PEGF51浓度对PEGF51/F51水乳液分散相粒子粒径和D230-PEGF51/F51固化产物的力学性能、断面形貌和耐水性能的影响规律.结果表明:在环氧树脂分子结构中引入化学连接的PEG链段有利于提高环氧树脂链段的亲水性和应变松弛速率.增加PEGF51浓度,制备的PEGF51/F51水乳液分散相粒子粒径减小,粒度分布变窄;D230-PEGF51/F51固化产物的玻璃化转变温度和室温下的刚度和拉伸强度降低,冲击强度、断裂应变和吸水率增加.PEGF51与F51物质的量的比为1∶3时可制备出同时具有优异的拉伸强度、模量、断裂应变、冲击性能和低吸水率的D230-PEGF51/F51环氧树脂.

Synthesis and Properties of Nonionic Active Emulsifiers and Their Based Waterborne Epoxy Resins

A new kind of nonionic active waterborne epoxy resin emulsifier (PEGF51) containing hydrophilic polyether segment was synthesized by using novolac epoxy resin (F51) and α-methoxy-ω-N-isopropanol-para-phenylmethylamino polyethylene glycol. PEGF51/F51 emulsions were prepared via F51 emulsified by the PEGF51 with a phase inversion technique. The structure of the PEGF51 was characterized by IR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The average diameter of PEGF5 l/F51 emulsions, the mechanical properties, impact fractured surfaces and water absorption of the D230-PEGF51/F51 cured products were investigated as function of PEGF51 concentration. The results show that the active epoxy resin emulsifier is available by incorporating the poly(ethylene glycol) segments into the epoxy molecular structure via the chemical linkage with F51, beneficial for increasing hydrophilicity and strain relax rates. When increasing the concentration of PEGF51, the average diameter of dispersed phase particles decreased from 197.0 to 20.9 nm. The glass transition temperature, the room-temperature Young's modulus and tensile strength of the cured products decreased while toughness and elongation increased. Consequently, the D230-PEGF51/F51 cured product with excellent tensile strength, modulus, impact strength and low water absorption at room temperature was obtained when the mole ratio of PEGF51 to F51 was 1 :3.