CVD人造金刚石核辐射探测器研究进展

金刚石探测器具有体积小、抗辐照能力强、时间响应快等优点,在核辐射领域应用优势显著。早期金刚石核辐射探测器均采用天然金刚石材料,化学气相沉积(chemical vapor deposition, CVD)金刚石人工合成技术的进步,极大地促进了金刚石核辐射探测器的发展与应用。本文从CVD人造金刚石材料入手,分析了制约金刚石探测器性能的杂质与缺陷、CVD金刚石的合成工艺、探测器级金刚石中杂质与缺陷的表征方法,并基于载流子迁移率与寿命乘积、探测器的电荷收集效率等性能指标,总结了CVD金刚石中的杂质与缺陷对探测器性能的影响规律,介绍了国外金刚石核辐射探测器的应用现状并展望了国内金刚石核辐射探测器的发展前景。

Research Progress of Nuclear Radiation Detectors with CVD Synthetic Diamond

Owing to their small volume, strong radiation resistance and fast time response, diamond detectors show the obvious advantage of application in nuclear radiation area. At early stage, diamond nuclear radiation detectors were made of natural diamond materials. With the development of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond synthetic technology, the development and application of diamond radiation detector has been greatly promoted. In this paper, starting with the CVD synthetic diamond material, the impurities and defects that restrict the performance of diamond detectors, the synthetic process of CVD diamond, the characterization method of impurities and defects in detector grade diamond are analyzed systematically. Based on the performance indicators such as the product of carrier mobility and life, the charge collection efficiency of detector, etc., the effects of impurities and defects in CVD diamond on the performance of the detector are summarized. The application status of diamond nuclear radiation detectors abroad is introduced and the development prospect of domestic diamond nuclear radiation detectors is also viewed.