微波波谱技术和应用*

微波波谱法具有研究分子系统的结构、构象平衡、分子间相互作用、分子内部运动等物理化学动力学过程的能力。本文综述了微波波谱技术的进展。对微波吸收波谱仪、脉冲喷嘴傅立叶变换微波波谱仪、线性脉冲傅立叶变换微波波谱仪等技术进展进行了论述,详细介绍了脉冲喷嘴阀技术、外部场调制、微波二次共振、线性脉冲、快速扫描等技术，分析了微波谱仪在分析测试领域的发展。对微波谱仪的未来发展做了展望。

Applications and Techniques of Microwave Spectroscopy

Microwave spectroscopy is suitable for studying chemically and physically very interesting molecular systems, including weakly bound complexes, radicals, ions, and other transient species. Information on molecular structure, internal motions and intermolecular interactions are easily obtained. Advances and techniques of microwave spectrometer are outlined in this article. The instruments developed, including microwave absorption spectrometer, pulsed nozzle Fourier transform microwave spectrometer and chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave spectrometer, etc. are described. Complimentary techniques in supersonic expansions, external applied fields with Stark modulation, fast scan, chirped pulse and double resonance are reviewed. Pulsed nozzles with heating system, fast-mixing, electric discharge and laser ablation are discussed. Meanwhile, the applications and developments of microwave spectrometers in the field of analytical chemistry are also reviewed. Finally, future trends of microwave spectrometers are prospected.Contents
1 Introduction
2 Principle and structure of microwave spectrometer
3 Techniques in microwave spectrometer
3.1 Microwave absorption spectrometer
3.2 Fourier transform microwave spectrometer
3.3 Double resonator techniques
3.4 Chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave spectrometer (CP-FTMW)
3.5 Microwave spectrometer for chemical analysis
4 Conclusions