钦州湾海上溢油扩散数值模拟

【目的】研究钦州湾海上溢油扩散特征及其影响因素。【方法】在对钦州湾水动力进行数值模拟的基础上,利用MIKE 21/3SA溢油分析模块,对其海上溢油扩散进行数值模拟。【结果】常风况条件下,涨潮时刻发生溢油,溢油先向茅尾海方向漂移,待落潮后退出茅尾海;计算时段内,溢油向茅尾海方向及钦州湾外湾方向漂移的最远距离分别约为17.51km和10.73km,扫海面积约为71.83km~2。落潮时刻发生溢油,溢油则先向钦州湾外湾漂移,待涨潮后转向钦州湾湾颈方向;计算时段内,油膜向钦州湾外湾方向漂移最远距离约17.96km,油污扫海面积约为50.72km~2。【结论】钦州湾溢油漂移扩散特征与溢油发生时刻及风作用密切相关,溢油时刻及风作用对钦州湾溢油漂移扩散的影响不容忽视。

Numerical Simulation of Oil Spill in the Qinzhou Bay

Objective] The drift-diffusion feature and its affecting factors of oil spill in Qinzhou Bay were studied.Methods] The diffusion characteristics of oil spill in the Qinzhou Bay areas was simulated by MIKE 21/3 SA oil spill model based on the hydrodynamic simulation results.Results] The oil contamination was drifted towards Maowei Sea at first, and then move out Maowei Sea in ebbing tide when oil spill occurred in flood tide.The farthest drift distance of oil contamination towards Maowei Sea and outer Qinzhou Bay was about 17.51 km and 10.73 km, respectively, and the sweeping area of oil spill was about 71.83km² within calculation interval.When oil spill occurred in ebb tide, the oil stain was drifted towards outer Qinzhou Bay and reversed towards the neck area of Qinzhou Bay in tide rising.In this case, the farthest drift distance of oil contamination towards outer Qinzhou Bay was about 17.96 km, and the sweeping area of oil spill was about 59.72km².Conclusion] The drift-diffusion feature of oil spill in the Qinzhou Bay is closely related to the occurring time and the wind conditions, which cannot be ignored in the oil spill influence evaluation in Qinzhou Bay.