非离子型表面活性剂组成的微乳液热力学性质 (IV) 烷烃的碳原子数影响

由表面活性剂、醇、油和水所组成的微乳液,油相的烷烃长度会影响到微乳液的性质,主要表现在界面相组成和界面张力.Birdi 用加溶法研究以十六烷、硬脂酸钠、水和醇(从C_5到C_9)所组成的微乳液,醇的碳原子数n_a 与标准自由能△G(?)有以下关系:△G(?),醇=1563-839.5n_a(J·mol~(-1)在同样体系内,戊醇和不同烷烃则:

EFFECT OF THE LENGTH OF ALKANE SKELETON ON THE THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTION OF MICROEMULSION WITH NONIONIC SURFACTANT

This paper reported the studies on the microemulsion of TritonX-100, hexanol, Water and alkane system. △G_(s→i)~0, the variation of the standard Gibbs function for alcohol (Cosurfactant) migrating from the oil phase to the interfacial phase had been determined and discussed. △S_(s→i)~0, △H_(s→i), the variation of the standard entropy and standard enthalpy respectively, were calculated accordingly on thermodynamic relations and at various temperatures. The result showed the existence of a linear relationship between the above thermodynamic function and the carbon number in the alkane skeleton. Based upon these results, an interpretation and discussion on the stability and structure of the microemulsion were given.