长治煤与生物质混合灰熔融特性研究

采用灰熔点测定仪、X射线荧光仪、X射线衍射仪和FactSage软件相结合对生物质（花生壳、稻壳）与高灰熔点长治煤混合灰的熔融特性及其熔融机制进行了研究。结果表明，两种生物质灰都可以降低长治煤的灰熔融温度，花生壳灰助熔效果优于稻壳灰，这主要与它们的化学组成和赋存形态有关。低熔点长石类矿物（钙长石、钠长石）和白榴石的生成是花生壳与长治煤混合灰熔融温度降低的主要原因；长石类矿物的生成及其与SiO₂结合生成的低温共熔物引起稻壳与长治煤混合灰熔融温度降低。热力学计算表明，在碱性氧化物Na₂O、CaO、K₂O存在时，SiO₂和Al₂O₃优先与其反应生成低熔点硅铝酸盐，一定程度上抑制了高熔点莫来石矿物的生成，从而起到助熔作用。混合灰的熔融过程可以分为含钾矿物熔融和含钙矿物熔融两个阶段，两类矿物熔融顺序：含钾矿物先于含钙矿物。

Fusion characteristics of blended ash from Changzhi coal and biomass

The blended ash fusion characteristics and its fusion mechanism of biomasses (peanut husk (PH) and rice husk (RH)) and Changzhi (CZ) coal with high melting point (MP) were investigated by ash fusion temperature (AFT) detector, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and FactSage software. The results show that the AFTs of CZ ash mixtures decrease with addition of biomass ash, and the fluxing effect of PH ash is better than that of RH ash, which mainly depends on their ash chemical compositions and elements existing form. The formations of low MP minerals anorthite, albite, and leucite are responsible for the decrease in AFT of PH and CZ mixtures. With RH ash addition, feldspar and eutectics are generated, resulting in a decrease in AFT of their mixtures. In the presence of Na₂O, CaO, or K₂O, SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ would firstly react with them to form low MP aluminosilicate from the perspective of thermodynamic calculation, inhibiting formation of high MP mullite. The mixed ash fusion process could be divided into two major stages: fusion of K- and Ca-bearing minerals, respectively.