电子和原子核散射研究原子核结构

本文综述了近年来我们组利用电子散射结合相对论平均场模型对奇特核结构的研究.我们发展了相对论平均场框架下的磁电子散射方法,并用其研究一些中子晕及质子晕核的基态组态,例如,23O,17,29C和23Al.研究发现,原子核不同组态的弹性磁形状因子彼此差别很大.其次,我们发展了相对论平均场框架下的弹性库伦电子散射方法,并用该方法研究了奇特核的电荷分布.研究发现,丰质子核中扩展的电荷密度分布可以通过库伦电子散射来测量.这种方法还被进一步推广用于计算弹性宇称不守恒电子散射,研究了一些典型原子核的中子密度分布,例如,Ca同位素链,N=50同中子素链以及N=Z的双幻核.结果表明,宇称不守恒非对称度的振幅主要由质子和中子形状因子极小值之间的距离决定.这些结果为下一代电子-核对撞机上的电子散射实验提供了有用的参考.

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE STUDIES BY ELECTRON-NUCLEUS SCATTERING

This article provides a review on the studies of exotic nuclear structure using electron scat-tering associated with the relativistic mean field model by our group in recent years. The magnetic electron scattering in the relativistic mean field framework was developed and used to investigate the ground-state configurations of some candidates of neutron-halo and proton-halo nuclei, such as 23O, 17,19C and 23 Al. It is found that the elastic magnetic form factors for different configurations differ greatly from each other. The elastic Coulomb electron scattering in the relativistic Eikonal approximation was also developed and used to investigate the charge densities of exotic nuclei. It was found that the extended charge densities in some proton-rich nuclei can be measured by the Coulomb electron scattering. This method was further general-ized to the elastic parity violating electron scattering to investigate the neutron densities of some typical nu-clei, such as Ca isotopic chains, N=50 isotonic chains and N=Z doubly magic nuclei. Results show that the amplitudes of the parity violating asymmetries are mainly determined by the distances between the min-ima of the proton and neutron form factors. The results provide useful references for the future electron scattering experiments on the next-generation electron-nucleus colliders.