Continuously balanced pulse-DC ioniser to minimise the offset voltage

In our previous work, the AC type of ionisers was employed to demonstrate a prospective theory obtained by numerical simulations in which continuously emitting quasi-neutralised positive and negative ions from corona ionisers can transport ions effectively to a charged object and yield zero offset voltage. In this paper, we show that this can also be applied to pulse-DC ionisers, resulting in significant improvements in the offset voltage as well as charge-decay times. In addition, we present an implementation method with an electronic circuit design to create such an ion emission from a pulse-DC ioniser.