钆基富勒烯磁共振成像分子影像探针的研究进展

含有顺磁性金属钆离子及钆团簇的内嵌金属富勒烯(如Gd@C82,Gd@C60和Gd3 N@C80)及其衍生物是一类高效的MRI分子影像探针,其造影效率远优于传统钆基螯合物造影剂.重要的是,碳笼的高度稳定性保护了内嵌团簇,使之免受体内代谢物质的进攻和防止了外泄,从而大大提高了其生物安全性.同时,碳笼还是其它生物活性物质或分子影像探针的有效载体,易赋予其多功能性,从而提高疾病检测的灵敏度和准确性.本文介绍了多种钆内嵌金属富勒烯分子影像探针的研究进展,讨论了内嵌金属团簇和笼外化学修饰对其弛豫性能的影响,以及不同的功能基团对其生物相容性和动物体内分布的影响,并展望了其兼具多功能分子影像探针载体的应用前景.

Recent Progress of Molecular Imaging Probes Based on Gadofullerenes

Paramagnetic gadofullerenes and their derivatives exhibit much higher relaxivity than commercial MagnevistTM(Gd-DTPA),therefore have become competitive candidates for magnetic(MR) imaging probes.More prominently,the stable fullerene cages are believed to hinder both chemical attack on the inner clusters and the escape of the toxic lanthanide ions,which should effectively suppress the toxicity of naked Gd3+ ions.Some functionalized gadofullerides also available for further conjugation to fabricate multifunctional probes.This review presents the latest finding of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) probes based on various gadofullerenes,including Gd@C60,Gd@C82 and Gd3N@C80.The derivative strategy dependent relaxivity properties and biodistributions as well as their potential application as nanoplatform for multifunctional probe are reviewed and discussed.