超高速撞击玄武岩及Kevlar纤维布填充防护结构研究

利用二级轻气炮对玄武岩及Kevlar纤维布填充Whipple防护结构进行了超高速撞击实验研究。以Nextel/Kevlar撞击极限曲线为参照，分析了双层未涂胶玄武岩及Kevlar纤维布填充防护结构和双层涂环氧树脂胶玄武岩及Kevlar纤维布填充防护结构的防护性能、填充材料及舱壁的损伤情况。实验表明：双层未涂胶玄武岩及Kevlar纤维布填充防护结构和双层涂环氧树脂胶玄武岩及Kevlar纤维布填充防护结构在高速区都具有优良的防护性能。此外，通过涂环氧树脂胶改善了玄武岩及Kevlar纤维布填充防护结构在高速区的防护性能。Kevlar纤维丝在低速区主要依靠塑性变形及断裂吸收弹丸的动能，玄武岩纤维丝在高速区主要依靠脆性断裂及高温碳化将弹丸破碎或融化为更小的碎片或熔球，减轻了对舱壁的损伤。玄武岩及Kevlar纤维丝在高速区存在高温熔化及碳化现象。

THE OPTIMAL STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF STUFFED SHIELDS WITH BASALT AND KEVLAR FIBER CLOTHES AGAINST HYPERVELOCITY IMPACTING

The impact ballistic performances of stuffed whipple shields with basalt and kevlar fiber clothes are investigated by two-stage light gas gun facilities. Protective performance、damage morphology and mechanism of stuffed material and cabin walls are obtained, compared with the impact limit curve of Nextel/Kevlar stuffed whipple shields. Also, the influences of epoxy resin coating on the protective performance are discussed. The data shows that stuffed whipple shields with basalt and kevlar fiber clothes have excellent protective properties in the high impact velocity. Coating with epoxy resin glue improve the prevention performance. Basalt fibers absorb energy by breaking projectile. Kevlar fibers have plastic deformation and fracture. Melting and carbonation process appear in the hypervelocity regions.