固体废弃物的酸碱度与浸提剂pH值的相关性研究

本文对固体废弃物的酸碱度与浸提剂pH值的相关性进行了初步的研究。研究结果表明：不同酸碱度的固体废弃物在不同pH值的浸提剂浸提下，金属元素的溶出量大为不同。酸性固体废弃物在pH值较低（pH=2-4)的浸提剂浸提时，金属元素的溶出量较大，在pH=4-8时，其重金属元素的溶出量趋于恒值，中性固体废弃物浸提剂的pH值对其金属元素的溶出量变化不大。碱性固体废弃物不受浸提剂pH值的影响，金属元素几乎没有溶出。另外，固体废弃物中，金属元素以不同化合物形态的存在也直接影响到浸提率。提出了固体废弃物的任意堆放和填埋，会在酸雨的冲淋浸泡下，对环境造成极大的危害，并根据当地降水的pH值制定出相应的地方监测标准。

A Study about the Interrelation between the pH Values of Solid Wastes and Extracting Solvents

A preliminary study about the interrelation between the pH values of solid wastes and extracting solvents has been conducted. The result showed that the amount of trace metals dissolved was significantly different when the solid waste samples with different pH values were extracted by extracting solventsin different pH values. The amount of trace metals was great for acidic waste samples in the low pH(pH 2-4) extracting solvents. When the pH values of the extracting solvents were at pH 4-8, the amount of heavy metals dissolved reached their end points. For neutral solid wastes, the amount of dissolved metals were not largely effected by the pH values of the extracting solvents. For basic solid waste, there were not noticeable amount of metals were dissolved in the extracting solvents with different pH values. Moreover, the compounds's formation of the metals in the samples had a direct effect on the amount of metals dissolved. This study suggested that it could be very environmentally harmful when improperly stored or buried solid wastes were washed or immersed in acid rains. The article also suggested that regional environmental testing standards should be established based on the pH value of the precipitation in the area.