On the occurrence and role of SnO2, SnS and FeSn2 in coal hydroliquefaction experiments using tin-based catalysts |
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Authors: | R Bacaud M Besson D Brodzki P Bussière H Charcosset G Diega-Mariadassou M Oberson B K Sharma |
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Institution: | (1) Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse du CNRS, conventionné à l'Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, 2, Av. Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cédex, France;(2) Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface et Structure, UA 1106, CNRS, Université P. et M Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cédex 05, France;(3) Present address: Central Fuel Research Institute, Dhanbad, BP FRI, Bihar, India |
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Abstract: | Mössbauer Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction and Electron Microscopy were applied to the study of solid residues of coal hydroliquefaction, for which tin-based catalysts were used. In the general case hydroliquefaction runs were performed in the presence of added sulphur and of finely dispersed SnO2 as a catalyst precursor. The only observed tin species were SnO2 and SnS, the former with percentages higher than expected from XRD, due to its large f factor, the latter as a symmetric doublet, which suggests that any asymmetry should be ascribed to small particle sizes rather than to structure. When the S content was only that of coal and the catalyst precursor β-Sn, FeSn2 occurred together with Sn sulfides and oxides, while no β-Sn was detected. The main catalytic role is ascribed to SnS. |
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