分子烙印聚合物对抗胆碱能类药物的选择性固相吸附行为研究

以3种结构类似的抗胆碱能药物盐酸新托品(1116)、盐酸苯环壬酯(8021)和盐酸戊乙奎醚(8018)为模板分子合成分子烙印聚合物,采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法(SPE-HPLC)考察各MIP对乙腈溶液中结构类似的药物1116、8021、8018及盐酸卡马特灵(1113)、氯苯那敏(CPA)和樟柳碱(AT3)的固相吸附行为,探讨MIP特异性识别的影响因素及机理。结果表明,在MIP合成中,功能单体、交联剂及引发剂的种类和用量、引发方式、模板分子与功能单体的比例等因素对MIP的特异性识别能力均有重要影响。以1116、8021和8018为模板分子、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯(TRIM)为交联剂,在乙腈中合成的各MIP均表现出较强的特异性识别能力。其中,MIP对待测物的非特异性吸附主要由其网状结构表面游离的极性基团引起;MIP的特异性识别过程中,识别位点与待测物的空间结构匹配起着更为重要的作用。

Study on Specific Solid Phase Extraction of Anticholinergic Drugs by Molecularly Imprinted Polymers with Structural Analogues as Templates

In order to investigate the molecular recognition mechanism of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and relative influence factors, a series of MIPs were prepared with three structural analog anticholinergic drugs as templates. The specific solid phase extraction and molecular recognition of MIPs were investigated for anticholinergic drugues and their structural analogs, such as neotropine(1116), penequinine(8018), bencynonatine(8021), kemadrine(1113), anisodine(AT_3), chlorphenamine(CPA) by solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that the recognition ability of MIPs was associated closely with the conditions of synthesis, for example, the type and quantity of monomers, cross-linkers and initiators, temperature and the template-monomer ratio. The specific molecular recognition and strong adsorption of MIPs using 1116, 8021 and 8018 as templates, methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM) as crosslinker could be observed for three anticholinergic drugs, with weak or no adsorption for structural analogs. The experiments revealed that the non-specific adsorption of MIPs could mainly result from the interaction of polar groups between MIPs and analytes, for example , hydrogen-band etc. The steric shape complementary between analytes and the recognition sites of MIPs played a key role in the molecular recognition process of MIPs.