电极材料对气体火花开关静态性能的影响北大核心CSCD

在工作气压和火花间隙固定的条件下,针对稍不均匀场的圆饼形电极开关开展了不同电极材料下开关自击穿实验,开关间隙距离为5mm,工作气压为0.25 MPa,击穿电压平均值为40kV。分别选取了不锈钢、黄铜、钨铜合金和石墨材料作为实验对象,对比了不同电极材料下电极质量损失、电极表面形貌和开关静态特性的差异。实验结果表明,石墨电极质量损失速率略高于金属电极,但是由于石墨电极烧蚀产物多为气体,因此石墨电极绝缘子污染程度远小于金属电极。石墨电极开关在低欠压比下自击穿概率也远小于金属电极开关。三种金属电极开关,其静态特性差异不大,但钨铜电极烧蚀程度显著低于不锈钢和黄铜电极开关。

Influence of electrode materials on static performance of gas spark switch

The disk electrode of a gas switch with different materials is studied by self-breakdown experiment in slightly uneven electric field. In the self-breakdown experiment, the gap length and the gas pressure of the switches are identical .The gap length is 5 mm and the gas pressure is 0.25 MPa, so the self-breakdown voltage of each switch is almost 40 kV. Stainless steel, brass, tungsten-copper alloy and graphite are studied in the experiment. The differences of switch performance, like static performance, electrode mass loss and electrode surface, are compared in the research. The experiment result shows that the probability of self-breakdown at low working ratio of the graphite electrode switch is much lower than the others of metal material electrode switches. There is little difference of the static performances among the metal electrode switches. Mass loss of graphite electrode is higher than that of other electrodes. But, because most of the graphite ablation production is gas, the insulator of the graphite electrode switch is polluted much more lightly than that of others.The ablation of the tungsten-copper alloy electrode is lighter than that of others.