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Visualization of turbulent spots and unsteady wake-induced boundary-layer transition with thermochromic liquid crystals |
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| Authors: | S. Zhong C. Kittichaikan H. P. Hodson P. T. Ireland |
| Affiliation: | a School of Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;b Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK;c Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0DY, UK |
| Abstract: | A method of using thermochromic liquid crystals has been developed to visualize the thermal footprints of turbulent spots convecting downstream in an otherwise laminar boundary layer over a heated surface. This technique has been employed to visualize the development of turbulent spots under the influence of adverse pressure gradients. It has also been used to visualize the transitional events that occur during unsteady wake-induced boundary layer transition typically of those occurring in multi-stage turbomachines. The results show that liquid crystal is not only capable of providing quantitative information about the growth and development of individual spots but also allows a detailed study of formation of turbulent spots occurring naturally during a complicated transition process. |
| Keywords: | Turbulent spots Wake-induced transition Thermochromic liquid crystals |
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