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Convex independent sets and 7-holes in restricted planar point sets
Authors:Pavel Valtr
Institution:(1) Department of Applied Mathematics, Charles University, Malostranské nám. 25, 11800 Praha 1, Czechoslovakia;(2) Institut für Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 2-6, 1000 Berlin 33, Federal Republic of Germany
Abstract:For a finite setA of points in the plane, letq(A) denote the ratio of the maximum distance of any pair of points ofA to the minimum distance of any pair of points ofA. Fork>0 letc agr(k) denote the largest integerc such that any setA ofk points in general position in the plane, satisfying 
$$q(A)< \alpha \sqrt k $$
for fixed 
$$\alpha  \geqslant \sqrt {2\sqrt 3 /\pi }  \doteq 1.05$$
, contains at leastc convex independent points. We determine the exact asymptotic behavior ofc agr(k), proving that there are two positive constantsbeta=beta(agr),gamma such thatbetak 1/3lec agr(k)legammak 1/3. To establish the upper bound ofc agr(k) we construct a set, which also solves (affirmatively) the problem of Alonet al. 1] about the existence of a setA ofk points in general position without a 7-hole (i.e., vertices of a convex 7-gon containing no other points fromA), satisfying 
$$q(A)< \alpha \sqrt k $$
. The construction uses ldquoHorton sets,rdquo which generalize sets without 7-holes constructed by Horton and which have some interesting properties.
Keywords:
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