Quenching of liquid scintillator fluorescence by chloroalkanes and chloroalkenes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Section of Biomedical Imaging, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands;2. MILabs B.V., Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;1. The Laboratory for Experimental Nuclear Physics of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe Hwy, Moscow 115409, Russian Federation;2. SSC RF Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 25 Bolshaya Cheremushkinskaya, Moscow 117218, Russian Federation;3. University of Tennessee, 1408 Circle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996-1200, USA;1. SSN Research Centre, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603 110, Tamil Nadu, India;2. Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, 603 102, Tamil Nadu, India;1. Computational Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, United States;2. Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, United States |
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| Abstract: | The fluorescence quenching of 2,5-diphenyloxazole (PPO) by a series of chloroalkanes and chloroalkenes including carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene was studied in toluene as solvent at room temperature. CCl4 was found to be the most efficient quencher in the series. The quenching was found to be appreciable and a positive deviation from linearity was observed in the Stern–Volmer (SV) plots for all the quenchers in the concentration range studied. From the studies of effect of temperature, solvent viscosity and excitation wavelength dependence for the PPO–CCl4 system, it was inferred that non-linearity is due to the presence of a minor static quenching component in an overall dynamic quenching. The static (KS) and the dynamic (KD) quenching constants were calculated from the modified SV equation using quadratic least square fits. Fluorescence quenching experiments with CCl4 were done for four other scintillators (POPOP, α-NPO, BBO and PBBO). The mechanism of quenching was established to be via charge-transfer, with the direction of transfer being from the scintillators to the chloroalkanes and chloroalkenes. |
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