Gold(III)-dithiocarbamato complexes induce cancer cell death triggered by thioredoxin redox system inhibition and activation of ERK pathway |
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Authors: | Saggioro Daniela Rigobello Maria Pia Paloschi Lucia Folda Alessandra Moggach Stephen A Parsons Simon Ronconi Luca Fregona Dolores Bindoli Alberto |
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Affiliation: | Molecular Immunology and Diagnostic Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padova 35128, Italy. |
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Abstract: | Although gold compounds are now recognized as promising anticancer agents, so far only gold(I) derivatives have been investigated for this purpose, whereas the use of gold(III) complexes has been hampered by their poor stability under physiological conditions. We have therefore carried out studies on selected gold(III) anticancer agents, showing enhanced stability due to the presence of chelating dithiocarbamato ligands. We found that they induce cancer cell death through both apoptotic and nonapoptotic mechanisms. They also inhibit thioredoxin reductase activity, generate free radicals, modify some mitochondrial functions, and increase ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Based on our results, we propose and discuss a working model suggesting that deregulation of the thioredoxin reductase/thioredoxin redox system is a major mechanism involved in the anticancer activity of the investigated gold(III)-dithiocarbamato complexes. |
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