不同观察者锥细胞响应的同色异谱性能差异测试分析

为了研究不同年龄色觉正常观察者在不同观察条件下的锥细胞光谱响应差异，在CIELAB颜色空间选择了均匀分布的9个不同色调的颜色，组织27～35名观察者开展了两种不同光源照度和两种不同观察视场的四种观察条件下，基于显示色-打印色的颜色匹配实验。通过配色实验采集到不同观察者匹配颜色的光谱数据，与9个目标色的光谱数据计算、比较，以匹配的9个颜色最小平均CIEDE2000色差值出现的概率大小作为评价标准，检验CIE1931，CIE1964，CIE2006，Sarkar(S1～S8)共11种颜色匹配函数的表现，研究不同观察者锥细胞响应的同色异谱性。结果表明在四种不同实验条件下，表现最好的配色函数依次是CIE2006，S6，表现最差的是S1和S2。不同观察者的锥细胞响应同色异谱性差异较大，年龄因素对观察者的锥细胞响应的影响也较为明显。(λ)通道的光谱响应差异是造成不同观察者存在同色异谱现象的主要原因，大多数观察者的差异性主要集中在(λ)通道的峰值波长响应，峰值波长的位移对颜色匹配的结果影响不大。实验结果可为进一步划分不同观察者的颜色匹配函数，研究不同观察者的同色异谱性提供数据支持和理论依据。

Analysis of Observers Metamerism Differences for Different Retinal Cone Visual Responses

In order to investigate the cone’s spectral responses under different conditions for different aged observers with normal color vision, nine color patches with different hue angles distributed uniformly on the CIELAB color space were prepared, and the 27～35 observers were organized to carry out color matching experiments on a monitor to match the nine printed color samples under four different viewing conditions including two illuminances, and two viewing fields. The spectral data obtained from the color matching experiments were compared with the spectral data of the nine target colors and used to test the performances of eleven color matching functions including CIE1931，CIE1964，CIE2006，Sarkar’s S1～S8 in terms of the percentage of the minimum CIEDE2000 value. For the four experiments, CIE2006 and S6 performed the best and with S1, S2 the worst. For different observers, the visual spectral responses’ of the retinal cone are different and the age has the obvious influence on the visual spectral responses. The observer metamerism is mainly caused by the different spectral response of the (λ) channel and for most observers the differences appeared at the responses of the peak wavelength, and the shift of the peak wavelength has no significant influence on the observers metamerism. The experimental results can provide evidences for the classification of the color matching functions for different observer categories and theoretical basis for the investigation of the observers metamerism.