单摆冲击划痕法及其在磨粒磨损和冲蚀磨损研究中的应用

为了促进新近发展起来的单摆冲击划痕法在磨损研究领域的应用，考察材料在单摆冲击划痕条件下的磨损规律，弄清这种方法与平稳加载滑动磨粒磨损及冲击加载喷砂冲蚀之间的关系，采用单摆冲击划痕法、滑动磨粒磨损和喷砂冲蚀３种试验方法，研究了几种纯金属和合金材料的磨损行为．结果表明：在单摆冲击划痕过程中，比能耗（材料产生单位体积划痕所消耗的能量）与材料的切向动态硬度之间有较好的线性关系，二者都可以用作单摆冲击划痕法评价材料耐磨性的指标；材料的法向动态硬度与显微硬度有较好的线性关系，而且法向动态硬度能够更准确地反映材料在平稳加载条件下的抗磨能力

A Practice of Single Pendulum Scratch Test in Abrasion and Erosion of Materials

For promoting the practice of a new developed single pendulum scratch tester in study of wear of materials and for understanding the difference between erosion (impact loading) and abrasion (steady scratching),three methods,single pendulum scratch.Sliding abrasion and blasting erosion,have been used for evaluation of wear behavior of some pure metals and several alloys.The experimental results show that there has been the relatonship between specific energy consumption (energy consumption per volume loss) and tangential dynamic hardness of materials during single pendulum grooving,which could be suggested as two criteria;another linear relationship between normal dynamic hardness and indentation microhardness has been confirmed,which could be used for evaluating abrasion resistance of materials during steady loading.