Electron correlation methods based on the random phase approximation |
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Authors: | Henk?Eshuis Jefferson?E?Bates Email author" target="_blank">Filipp?FurcheEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemistry, University of California, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA |
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Abstract: | In the past decade, the random phase approximation (RPA) has emerged as a promising post-Kohn–Sham method to treat electron
correlation in molecules, surfaces, and solids. In this review, we explain how RPA arises naturally as a zero-order approximation
from the adiabatic connection and the fluctuation-dissipation theorem in a density functional context. This is contrasted
to RPA with exchange (RPAX) in a post-Hartree–Fock context. In both methods, RPA and RPAX, the correlation energy may be expressed
as a sum over zero-point energies of harmonic oscillators representing collective electronic excitations, consistent with
the physical picture originally proposed by Bohm and Pines. The extra factor 1/2 in the RPAX case is rigorously derived. Approaches
beyond RPA are briefly summarized. We also review computational strategies implementing RPA. The combination of auxiliary
expansions and imaginary frequency integration methods has lead to recent progress in this field, making RPA calculations
affordable for systems with over 100 atoms. Finally, we summarize benchmark applications of RPA to various molecular and solid-state
properties, including relative energies of conformers, reaction energies involving weak and covalent interactions, diatomic
potential energy curves, ionization potentials and electron affinities, surface adsorption energies, bulk cohesive energies
and lattice constants. RPA barrier heights for an extended benchmark set are presented. RPA is an order of magnitude more
accurate than semi-local functionals such as B3LYP for non-covalent interactions rivaling the best empirically parametrized
methods. Larger but systematic errors are observed for processes that do not conserve the number of electron pairs, such as
atomization and ionization. |
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