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Hopf invariants, Toda brackets and the reduced diagonal map
Authors:Howard J. Marcum  Nobuyuki Oda
Affiliation:a The Ohio State University at Newark, 1179 University Drive, Newark, OH 43055, USA
b Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
Abstract:That there is a close connection between crude (or suspended) Hopf invariants and the reduced diagonal map has long been known. In this paper we build on a classical result of Boardman and Steer (1967) to explore some further relationships in terms of conic structures. In a related result we show that certain Toda brackets contain crude Hopf invariants as elements. In particular, using this latter observation, detection of crude Hopf invariants can be carried out.
Keywords:Hopf invariant   Toda bracket   Diagonal map
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