Prediction of soil structures produced by tillage

A statistical method for describing the distribution of aggregates and voids within tilled soil is used as the basis for a prediction technique. Transforms of aggregate-void and void-void transition probabilities are used in such a way that factors can be defined which describe how the soil structure differs under a range of circumstances. A standard structure is defined for a given soil as that which is produced at the 5 cm depth by one pass of a set of tines working at 10 cm depth when tillage is done at a speed of 1.4 m/s in soil at a water content equal to the plastic limit and which has previously grown a cereal crop. Factors are defined which describe deviations from this standard structure as a function of depth in the tilled layer, implement type, previous use of the soil, number of implement passes, water content at time of tillage, and subsequent compaction of thettilled layer. Application of the inverse transform then enables estimates of the distributions of aggregates and voids in the tilled layer to be predicted for required, specified conditions.