纳米Ag/CNTs复合材料的制备、表征及对环三亚甲基三硝胺热分解的影响

采用银镜法和水热法制备了两种纳米Ag/CNTs(碳纳米管)复合材料, 利用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜及能量散射光谱仪(SEM-EDS)对复合物的物相、组成、形貌和结构进行分析表征, 并运用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了纳米Ag/CNTs 复合材料对环三亚甲基三硝胺(RDX)热分解特性的影响. 结果表明: 纳米Ag 以10-80 nm的不规则球形“粘附”于纳米CNTs 表面,分散较均匀, 水热法制得的复合物表面纳米Ag较大、且负载的Ag粒子较多; 纳米Ag/CNTs 复合材料的加入改变了RDX的热分解过程, 使原有占主导的液相分解变为二次的气相反应加剧, RDX主分解峰形发生了明显的改变; 纳米Ag/CNTs 复合材料对RDX热分解的催化主要表现为分解温度的降低.

Preparation and Characterization of Ag/CNTs Nanocomposite and Its Effect on Thermal Decomposition of Cyclotrimethylene Trinitramine

Two kinds of Ag/CNTs (carbon nanotubes) nanocomposite materials were successfully prepared by silver mirror reaction and hydrothermal methods. Their physical phase, composition, morphology, and structure were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS). Catalytic effects of the Ag/CNTs nanocomposite on the thermal decomposition of cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Our results indicated that the irregularly globose nano-Ag particles attached to the surface of the nano CNTs evenly. The nanocomposite product prepared hydrothermally had the highest loading of nano-Ag particles and largest Ag particle size. Both Ag/CNTs nanocomposites influenced the thermal decomposition of RDX, changing the primary decomposition of the liquid phase to a secondary gas phase reaction and resulting in obvious change in the shape of the main decomposition peak. The catalytic effect of Ag/CNTs nanocomposite on the thermal decomposition of RDX was mainly exhibited at lower decomposition temperature.