Theory of integrated ring resonators using electro-optical couplers

In this paper we focus on integrated resonators that employ electro-optical couplers and phase shifters and, thus, are capable of providing high-speed channel tunability and coupling constant variation. We find that, although a conventional operation is always attainable, integrated resonators can, in some cases, present an anomalous behavior compared to that of their fiber-based equivalents. These can have potential applications.