Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Separation of Hydroxylated Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry |
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Authors: | Qiang Ma Chao Wang Hua Bai Hai-Wei Xi Guang-Cheng Xi Xiao-Min Ren Yu Yang Liang-Hong Guo |
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Institution: | (1) State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China;(2) Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100123, China; |
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Abstract: | A comprehensive two-dimensional system coupling ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and ion mobility-mass spectrometry
(IM-MS) has been applied for the separation and analysis of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs). A complex
mixture containing 23 OH-PBDE congeners ranging from hydroxylated monobromodiphenyl ether (OH-monoBDE) to hydroxylated octabromodiphenyl
ether (OH-octaBDE) was satisfactorily separated within 16 min of analysis time. The first-dimensional reversed-phase UPLC
was performed on a sub-2 μm BEH C18 chromatographic column using acetonitrile-water gradient elution program with a flow rate ramp. It enabled excellent chromatographic
separation for both between-class and within-class OH-PBDEs based on their differences in hydrophobicity. Following the pre-ionization
resolution in the first dimension, the second-dimensional IM-MS employed a hybrid electrospray quadrupole ion mobility time-of-flight
mass spectrometer and added an extra post-ionization separation for between-class OH-PBDE congeners on account of their relative
mobility disparity during a very short period of 8.80 ms. The orthogonality of the developed two-dimensional system was evaluated
with the correlation coefficient of 0.9665 and peak spreading angle of 14.87°. The peak capacity of the system was calculated
to be approximately 2 and 15 times higher than that of the two dimensions used alone, respectively. The two-dimensional separation
plane also contributed to the removal of background interference ions and the enhanced confidence in the characterization
of OH-PBDEs of interest. |
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