不同模拟体系中草酸钙结晶的比较研究

泌尿系结石是一种世界范围内的常见病及多发病 ,如深圳市的尿结石患病率高达 4.87%1] ,其发病率呈上升趋势 .泌尿系结石在手术后复发率高 ,尤其是对结石的预防 ,目前尚无十分理想的方法 ,至今其形成机制未完全阐明 ,80 %以上的尿结石患者病因不清 2 ] .草酸钙 (Ca C2 O4 )是泌尿系结石的主要成分 .体内 Ca C2 O4 结石的形成与热力学 (过饱和度 )和动力学 (成核、生长和聚集 )因素相关 .虽然在尿液中发现有二水草酸钙 (COD)晶体 ,但是热力学稳定的一水草酸钙 (COM)是尿石中最普遍的晶型3 ] .在大多数的 Ca C2 O4 结石中 ,COM的发…

Comparative Investigation of Crystallization of Calcium Oxalate in Different Mimetic Systems

The nucleation, growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate(CaC₂O₄) crystals were comparatively investigated in five different mimetic systems: water, NaCl solution, artificial urine, healthy urine and lithogenic urine by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The effects of original concentration of calcium ion and oxalate ion and crystallization time on the morphology, density and the size of CaC₂O₄ crystals were discussed. In lithogenic urine, calcium oxalate monohydrate(COM) crystals were the dominant phase. However, a mixture of COM and calcium oxalate dihydrate(COD) with a molar ratio of about 3∶2 was obtained in the healthy urine. COD has a less affinity for renal tubule cell surface, so COD is easy to be expelled out from body and there is a less probability of stone-forming in the healthy urine. The fastest nucleation and growth of CaC₂O₄ crystals were obtained in water and NaCl solution, respectively. The size of CaC₂O₄ crystals decreases in the following order: NaCl solution>artificial urine>lithogenic urine>healthy urine>water.